Apparaat
Bronnen en verantwoording.
Onder elk essay staat de specifieke literatuur. Hier is het overzicht per essay plus de boeken-, auteur- en instituutslijst waarop het geheel rust.
Per essay
Informed consent bij minderjarigen
Bell v Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, [2020] EWHC 3274 (Admin).
R (on the application of Bell) v Tavistock, [2021] EWCA Civ 1363.
Levine, S.B., Abbruzzese, E. & Mason, J.W. (2022). Reconsidering Informed Consent for Trans-Identified Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 48(7).
Beauchamp, T.L. & Childress, J.F. Principles of Biomedical Ethics (8e druk, 2019).
VN-Verdrag inzake de Rechten van het Kind (1989), art. 3 en 24.
De belofte vs. de werkelijkheid
Dhejne, C. et al. (2011). Long-Term Follow-Up of Transsexual Persons Undergoing Sex Reassignment Surgery. PLoS ONE, 6(2).
Biggs, M. (2022). Suicide by Clinic-Referred Transgender Adolescents in the United Kingdom. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 51.
Turban, J.L. et al. (2020). Pubertal Suppression for Transgender Youth and Risk of Suicidal Ideation. Pediatrics, 145(2).
SEGM (2022). Statement on the Use of Suicide Statistics in Gender-Affirming Care.
Onomkeerbaarheid
Olson-Kennedy, J. et al. (2022). Mental Health Outcomes in Transgender and Nonbinary Youths Receiving Gender-Affirming Care.
Boyd, I. et al. (2022). Care for Transgender Adolescents: A Review of Long-Term Outcomes. BMJ Sexual & Reproductive Health.
Bewley, S. et al. (2022). Sex, Gender and Gender Identity: A Re-Evaluation of the Evidence. BJPsych Bulletin.
Pediatrische ethiek
NICE (2020). Evidence Reviews: GnRH-analogues / Gender-affirming Hormones.
Verklaring van Helsinki (2013), art. 25-28.
CIOMS Ethical Guidelines for Health-related Research Involving Humans (2016).
Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset (2021). Policy Change Statement.
COHERE Finland (2020). Medical Treatment Methods for Dysphoria in Minors.
Ouderlijke betrokkenheid
Genspect (2023). Parental Rights and Gender Identity Services: Position Paper.
Bayswater Support Group, Parent Testimonies Archive.
UK Department for Education (2023). Gender Questioning Children: Non-statutory Guidance for Schools.
VRK art. 5 en 18; BW Boek 1, art. 247.
Detrans en spijt
Vandenbussche, E. (2022). Detransition-Related Needs and Support. Journal of Homosexuality, 69(9).
Hall, R. et al. (2021). Detransition Among a Cohort Discharged by a UK Adult Gender Identity Clinic. BJPsych Open, 7(6).
Wiepjes, C.M. et al. (2018). The Amsterdam Cohort of Gender Dysphoria Study. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 15(4).
Pique Resilience Project, video-archief.
Experimenteren zonder kennis
Baxendale, S. (2024). The Impact of Suppressing Puberty on Neuropsychological Function. Acta Paediatrica.
Biggs, M. (2021). Revisiting the Effect of GnRH Analogue Treatment on Bone Mineral Density. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab, 34(7).
Abbruzzese, E. et al. (2023). The Myth of "Reliable Research" in Pediatric Gender Medicine. J Sex Marital Ther, 49(6).
Sociale druk en conformisme
Littman, L. (2018, herziene versie 2019). Rapid-Onset Gender Dysphoria. PLoS ONE, 13(8) / 14(3).
Strang, J.F. et al. (2018). Increased Gender Variance in Autism Spectrum Disorders and ADHD. J Autism Dev Disord, 48(12).
Tegenstrijdige rechten
Stock, K. (2021). Material Girls: Why Reality Matters for Feminism. Fleet.
Sex Matters (UK), policy briefings 2021-2026.
LGB Alliance, position papers.
Hilton, E.N. & Lundberg, T.R. (2021). Transgender Women in the Female Category of Sport. Sports Medicine, 51.
Boeken
Barnes, H. (2023). Time to Think: The Inside Story of the Collapse of the Tavistock's Gender Service for Children. Swift Press.
Joyce, H. (2021). Trans: When Ideology Meets Reality. Oneworld.
Shrier, A. (2020). Irreversible Damage: The Transgender Craze Seducing Our Daughters. Regnery.
Stock, K. (2021). Material Girls: Why Reality Matters for Feminism. Fleet.
Soh, D. (2020). The End of Gender: Debunking the Myths about Sex and Identity in Our Society. Threshold Editions.
Davis, L.S. (lopend werk). Reportages over detransitie en jeugdgender-zorg.
Beauchamp, T.L. & Childress, J.F. Principles of Biomedical Ethics (8e druk, 2019). Oxford University Press.
Onderzoeksinstituten en organisaties
Cass Review — onafhankelijke NHS-review onder leiding van Hilary Cass, eindrapport april 2024.
NICE (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence) — evidence reviews 2020.
Karolinska Institutet en Sahlgrenska Universitetssjukhuset — Zweedse policy changes 2021-2022.
COHERE Finland — Finse beleidsherziening 2020.
SEGM (Society for Evidence-Based Gender Medicine) — internationale arts-vereniging, evidence-reviews en commentaren.
Genspect — internationale ouder- en professional-organisatie kritisch op affirmatieve genderzorg.
Sex Matters — Britse organisatie voor wettelijke en beleidsmatige duidelijkheid rond sekse.
LGB Alliance — bezorgd over de medische "rechtzetting" van homoseksuele jongeren.
Bayswater Support Group en Our Duty — ouder-netwerken met ervaringsarchief.
Auteurs en commentatoren
Michael Biggs (Oxford), Stephen Levine (Case Western), Erica Anderson, Erica Abbruzzese, Az Hakeem, Sallie Baxendale, Kathleen Stock, Helen Joyce, Hannah Barnes, Abigail Shrier, Debra Soh, Lisa Selin Davis, Lisa Littman, Donna Hooven, Ross Bayes (Bayes), Carole Hooven (sekse-bioloog).
Verantwoording
De essays op deze site presenteren ethische argumenten en standpunten op basis van bovenstaande bronnen. Citaten zijn waar mogelijk getraceerd; waar niet exact teruggevonden, is gekozen voor parafrase. Wie zorg overweegt, wint medisch advies in bij een arts — ethische analyse vervangt geen klinische beoordeling.